As battery capacity increases those edge cases get fewer and fewer. But we will always need some fossil fuel equivalent.

The methane can come sustainably from landfill. It doesn’t need to be from dinosaurs.

Jon liked the censorship.

No. Not baseline. Standby capacity for when it’s cloudy, still, dry and all battery capacity has been used up.

Maybe we only need natural gas for, say, 10 hours per year, but in those hours we really need it

I still want natgas for cold, windless winter weeks.

Bees

John 1.0 and Caroline 1.0 scored 100%

It’s proof of work cryptocurrency. But at least this time the compute is aiming at producing something useful, not the lowest hash value.

The Dancing Israelis imply forewarning but not responsibility.

Why does every generated face have a neckbeard and fedora?

Who is his target audience with this speech and why would this impress them?

You are [building] the product?

The question should have been phrased “why did you not form a Coalition before your attack on Iran” but that would have confused Trump.

If something is free then you are the product

Don’t forget that there is no healthcare without employment.

This is how you stop nukes

2015 Iran nuclear deal, Iran agreed not to pursue nuclear weapons and allow continuous monitoring of its compliance in exchange for relief from economic sanctions.

President Donald Trump withdrew from the agreement in 2018. He broke his 2016 campaign promise to renegotiate the agreement.

The sources and surveys which make up the CPI are based on carefully designed and calibrated questionnaires, answered by experts and business people.

As long as these questions are consistent then it seems fine as a data source.

It’s easy to criticise but hard to improve. If you’d like to augment this with another data source then I’d be interested.

Swap Turkey for Syria and i agree with your summary.

Corruption Perceptions Index 2025 - Transparency.org https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2025

Bosnia, Serbia, Belarus, Turkey, Russia

All more corrupt than Ukraine.

1. Plastics and Petrochemicals

Fossil fuels are mainly used here as a carbon source. Plants contain carbon captured from atmospheric CO₂.

Convert biomass into platform chemicals

• Bio-polyethylene

• PLA plastics

Create synthetic hydrocarbons Using hydrogen + captured CO₂:

• produce methanol

• convert to olefins

2. Pharmaceuticals

Most pharmaceuticals rely on organic chemistry

3. Fertilizers

The key fertilizer is ammonia so use green hydrogen produced by electrolysis.

4. Air Travel

Synthetic jet fuel (Power-to-Liquid) or Biofuels (SAF)

5. Sea Transport

• Ammonia fuel

• Methanol fuel

• Hydrogen fuel cells

• Wind-assisted propulsion

6. Steel Production

Use hydrogen reduction of iron ore:

7. Cement

• electric kilns

• hydrogen heat

• carbon capture

None of these technologies violate physics or chemistry. The challenge is cost, scale, and infrastructure, not feasibility.

If oil is at $200/barrel then these alternatives become much more attractive