All it takes is a low-power burst to overwhelm the GPS network because it runs on such low powered, sensitive signals.
The signals aren’t very sensitive, quite the opposite, they’re chosen because they can be very easily detected even at low powers. If you want to jam GNSS from the ground you don’t need a lot of power because the satellites are so far away and their signal is so low. If you want to jam it from a satellite you need quite a lot of power, especially if you consider that the suspected satellite constellation has twice the apogee of the GPS constellation. Also you don’t need a burst of power, you need sustained power to really jam GNSS, the suspected satellites only did bursts because they’re suspected of just testing their system.
The signals aren’t very sensitive, quite the opposite, they’re chosen because they can be very easily detected even at low powers. If you want to jam GNSS from the ground you don’t need a lot of power because the satellites are so far away and their signal is so low. If you want to jam it from a satellite you need quite a lot of power, especially if you consider that the suspected satellite constellation has twice the apogee of the GPS constellation. Also you don’t need a burst of power, you need sustained power to really jam GNSS, the suspected satellites only did bursts because they’re suspected of just testing their system.
I deal with this every day with the dark fleet using four enterprise AIS tracking systems and can 100% confirm this is accurate about GNSS systems.
GPS satellites send at like 25W of power. Naively I would think you could make that 2.5kW on a satellite without issues, probably even more.