My father was an airline captain. When he started flying, VOR was a major navigation aid, and I imagine most airplanes have VOR receivers (highly directional radios). The next big upgrade were inertial navigation systems, but I don’t know if newer planes have then, since GPS was considered pretty resilient, due to the sheer amount of satellites. But yeah, planes have been getting to their destinations by one way or another since the beginning.
My father was an airline captain. When he started flying, VOR was a major navigation aid, and I imagine most airplanes have VOR receivers (highly directional radios). The next big upgrade were inertial navigation systems, but I don’t know if newer planes have then, since GPS was considered pretty resilient, due to the sheer amount of satellites. But yeah, planes have been getting to their destinations by one way or another since the beginning.
Planes also use automated celestial navigation since they are above the clouds.